What Is the HLS-14F1 SPDT 5PIN 10A Power Relay and What Does It Do?

The HLS-14F1 SPDT 5PIN 10A power relay PCB PIN is a single pole double throw electromagnetic relay designed for direct PCB mounting. It switches loads up to 10A at 240VAC or 10A at 30VDC, with a maximum switching voltage of 250VAC or 110VDC. With a contact-to-coil dielectric strength of 5000VAC and triple certification under TUV, CE, and CQC, it is a dependable choice for engineers sourcing PCB mount relays for appliance, industrial, and automation applications.

The SPDT (1C) contact form gives designers two switching paths from one common terminal — a normally open (NO) and a normally closed (NC) contact — enabling both load activation and simultaneous circuit interruption in a single relay package. The 5-pin through-hole footprint integrates into standard wave-solder PCB assembly workflows, and seven coil voltage options spanning 3VDC to 48VDC make the HLS-14F1 compatible with virtually every DC control bus in use today.

At approximately 13g, the relay offers a compact, board-friendly form factor without sacrificing switching capacity or safety isolation. Its silver alloy (Ag Alloy) contacts deliver low initial contact resistance of 100 milliohms max at 6VDC 1A, supporting accurate switching even in low-energy signal environments.

Complete Contact Data and Electrical Specifications

The contact architecture of the HLS-14F1 10A SPDT relay PCB mount is engineered for reliable switching across a broad range of resistive and inductive AC and DC loads. The table below summarizes all published contact parameters.

A mechanical life rating of 10 million operations means that for an application cycling 20 times per day, the relay's mechanical components remain within specification for approximately 1,370 years of continuous use. The electrical life of 100,000 operations at rated resistive load reflects realistic contact wear under full current switching — for a machine cycling 50 times per day, that represents roughly 5.5 years of electrical service before contact degradation reaches maintenance thresholds. Contact protection measures such as RC snubbers across inductive loads extend this figure considerably.

General Electrical and Environmental Performance

The general data parameters of the HLS-14F1 electromagnetic power relay confirm its capability in safety-critical and environmentally demanding installations. Engineers selecting a high dielectric strength relay for mains-connected PCBs will find the contact-to-coil isolation specification particularly relevant.

The 5000VAC contact-to-coil dielectric withstanding voltage is one of the highest isolation specifications available in the 10A PCB relay category. This level of galvanic separation between the mains-voltage contact circuit and the low-voltage coil control circuit satisfies the insulation requirements of EN 61810-1 and IEC 61810, enabling the HLS-14F1 to be used in direct mains-connected household appliance PCBs without supplementary isolation components. Engineers qualifying components for European, American, or Chinese domestic market products benefit from a single certified component meeting all three regulatory frameworks simultaneously.

The operating temperature range of -30 C to +70 C supports cold-climate installation and elevated chassis temperatures inside sealed enclosures. The 100G destruction shock rating and 10-55Hz vibration tolerance confirm suitability for mobile equipment, vehicle-mounted control systems, and machinery panels subject to mechanical vibration during operation.

Coil Data: Seven Voltage Options from 3VDC to 48VDC

The HLS-14F1 DC coil relay is available in seven rated coil voltages, each offered in two coil resistance options — 0.53W and 0.72W power dissipation — giving engineers flexibility to balance pull-in sensitivity against steady-state coil power consumption. All values are measured at 20 degrees C.

The 12V DC power relay version (270 Ohms / 0.53W) is the most widely sourced configuration for general-purpose appliance and industrial control board designs. The 24V PCB relay (1100 Ohms / 0.53W) is standard for European industrial automation environments where 24VDC is the universal control bus voltage. The 48VDC variant addresses telecom infrastructure, UPS systems, and DC-powered railway signaling equipment that operate on standard 48V supply rails.

Primary Applications of the HLS-14F1 Switching Relay for PCB

The HLS-14F1 serves a broad range of industries where PCB-mounted electromagnetic switching is required. Its combination of 10A contact capacity, 5000VAC isolation, compact 5-pin footprint, and triple safety certification makes it suitable across the following application sectors:

Household Electrical Appliances

Washing machines, dishwashers, electric water heaters, air conditioners, microwave ovens, and rice cookers all use PCB-mounted relays to switch compressor motors, heating elements, and pump loads directly from the 220–240V mains. The HLS-14F1's 5000VAC contact-to-coil dielectric strength satisfies the isolation requirement of household appliance safety standards, and its CQC certification validates it for the Chinese domestic market while TUV and CE cover European and international distribution.

Industrial Control and Automation

As an industrial control relay, the HLS-14F1 integrates into PLC digital output interface boards, relay logic panels, motor starter circuits, and process control boards. The 15ms operate time and 8ms release time fall comfortably within the scan cycle tolerances of standard industrial PLCs. The 10 million operation mechanical life supports machine duty cycles across years of continuous production without scheduled relay replacement, reducing maintenance downtime in automated manufacturing environments.

Telecommunications and Power Supply Equipment

Telecom base stations and central office equipment operate on standard 48VDC power buses, making the HLS-14F1's 48VDC coil option a natural fit for line card relay banks, alarm switching circuits, and battery charge management boards. The high insulation resistance of 1000 Megaohms at 500VDC prevents leakage currents that would distort sensitive measurement and signaling circuits in telecom equipment. UPS systems also use this relay for battery bypass and output switching functions.

Automotive Electronics

In automotive and EV applications, the 12VDC coil version of this PCB mount relay serves in body control modules, seat heater switching boards, EV charging circuit management, and battery management system relay banks. The -30 C cold-start temperature rating ensures reliable pull-in during winter startup conditions in northern climates, while the 100G destruction shock rating reflects durability in vibration-intensive vehicle powertrain environments.

For automation control relay applications where sequence timing is managed at the PLC level, the 15ms operate time is effectively transparent to the control system — it appears as a fixed, predictable delay that control engineers can account for in ladder logic timing blocks. Automotive and telecom applications with similar timing tolerances benefit identically from the same consistent switching response across operating temperature and supply voltage ranges.

TUV, CE, and CQC Certification: What Each Means for OEM Buyers

The HLS-14F1 carries simultaneous certification from three independent regulatory bodies, each covering a distinct geographic and regulatory framework. For OEM buyers sourcing a TUV certified relay for products distributed across multiple markets, this triple certification eliminates the need to qualify separate relay components for different regional product variants.

• TUV certification covers safety-critical electrical parameters including dielectric strength, temperature rise under load, contact performance, and insulation resistance. TUV approval on the relay component substantially reduces the documentation burden for system-level CE marking of European industrial and commercial products.
• CE marking indicates conformance with the EU Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) and Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU), tested to harmonized standards including EN 61810-1 for electromechanical elementary relays.
• CQC certification from the China Quality Certification Centre validates the relay for use in products under CCC (China Compulsory Certification) categories including household appliances. OEM manufacturers producing for both export and the Chinese domestic market from one production line benefit from a single qualified relay SKU covering all regional requirements.
• RoHS compliance confirms that the HLS-14F1 is manufactured without restricted hazardous substances, meeting EU Directive 2011/65/EU requirements for products sold in European markets.

For procurement engineers managing global BOM qualification, sourcing a PCB mount relay manufacturer whose components carry pre-validated multi-market certifications reduces qualification engineering time and expedites time-to-market for new product programs.

PCB Integration Guidance for the HLS-14F1 10A SPDT Relay

Integrating the HLS-14F1 into a PCB design requires attention to footprint layout, coil driver circuit design, and contact protection. Following these guidelines ensures reliable switching performance across the relay's rated service life.

Coil Driver Circuit

Relay coils cannot be driven directly from microcontroller GPIO outputs, which typically source only 5–20mA at 3.3V or 5V. A transistor driver stage using an NPN BJT (such as 2N2222 for coil currents under 100mA) or a logic-level MOSFET (such as 2N7000) must be placed between the GPIO pin and the coil terminals. A flyback suppression diode (1N4148 or equivalent) placed across the coil terminals in reverse-bias orientation is mandatory to clamp the inductive voltage transient generated when coil current is interrupted, protecting the driver transistor from overvoltage damage.

Contact Protection for Inductive Loads

Silver alloy contacts switching inductive AC loads — motors, solenoid valves, transformer primaries — generate contact arcing that accelerates erosion and reduces the HLS-14F1's electrical life below the 100,000-operation rated load specification. For loads with a power factor below 0.4, an RC snubber network (typically 100 Ohm in series with 0.1uF, rated for the switched voltage) placed directly across the load or across the contacts reduces arc energy at contact opening. This simple measure can extend contact service life by two to five times in inductive switching applications.

PCB Copper Trace Sizing

At the rated 10A continuous current, PCB copper traces on the contact circuit must be sized according to IPC-2221 guidelines. For 1oz copper on external PCB layers, a minimum trace width of approximately 2.5mm is required for a 10A current with a 10 degree C temperature rise tolerance. Internal layer traces require approximately 3.5mm at the same current and temperature rise. Via arrays must be used where 10A current paths transition between PCB layers, with a minimum of four 0.8mm vias in parallel to maintain current capacity without localized overheating.

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